Factors Related to the Practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Different Cities of the States Minas Gerais and Bahia, Brazil

Objective: To evaluate the factors related to the time of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in infants from Pará de Minas and Três Corações (Minas Gerais) and Brumado (Bahia), Brazil. Material and Methods: All mothers attended in public and private hospitals of these cities between June and December 2012 (n=156) were invited to answer an interview related to EBF. Data were collected: (1) at maternity ward; (2) at 4 and (3) 6 months of the infant's life. In (2) and (3), data were collected by phone. Data were recorded in the SPSS software, and descriptive analyses and association of exposure and outcome variables related to the practice of EBF were performed. The chi-square test was used, considering p <0.05. Results: The total of women was in (1) 156, (2) 104 and (3) 123, and the EBF rate was 50.0%, 39.0% and 4.8%, respectively. In (1) mothers with lower schooling level have opted for EBF more frequently. In (1), the use of bottle did not interfere in EBF; on the other hand, in (2) and (3), the use of bottle has decreased the frequency of EBF (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The ideal frequency of EBF recommended by WHO to the six months of the infant's life is not followed in the evaluated cities. In addition, EBF can be influenced by the use of bottle and maternal schooling level.

Hábitos bucais deletérios e suas consequências em Odontopediatria / Deleterious oral habits and its consequences in Pediatric Dentistry

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar a literatura vigente sobre os hábitos bucais deletérios e suas consequências em Odontopediatria. Material e Métodos: Para isso, foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados Bireme e Pubmed/MEDLINE, utilizando como palavras-chave: sistema estomatognático, hábitos bucais e Odontopediatria. Resultados: Pode-se observar que os hábitos bucais (nutritivos e não nutritivos) encontram-se diretamente relacionados com as funções do sistema estomatognático, acarretando em inadequações no posicionamento dos maxilares, lábios, língua e palato, alterações no desenvolvimento e posição dos dentes, problemas de fala e na respiração e alterações nos movimentos necessários para mastigar e deglutir os alimentos. Conclusão: Conclui-se que é de extrema importância um diagnóstico precoce e um trabalho multidisciplinar para uma possível remoção do hábito bucal deletério e suas consequências.

Objective: The aim of this study was to review the current literature about the deleterious oral habits and their consequences in Pediatric Dentistry. Material and Methods: For that, a search was performed in the Bireme and Pubmed/MEDLINE databases, using the keywords: stomatognathic system, oral habit and pediatric dentistry. Results: It was observed that oral habits (nutritious and non-nutritious) are directly related to the functions of stomatognathic system, causing consequences such as inadequacy in the positioning of the jaws, lips, tongue and palate, changes in development and position of teeth, speech problems and breathing and changes in the necessary movements to chew and swallow food. Conclusion: It can be concluded that is extremely important an early diagnosis and multidisciplinary work for possible removal of deleterious oral habits and their consequences.

Factors Associated with Early Weaning

Objective: To identify the factors that influenced early weaning and its incidence among children from six months old in five public hospitals of two states - Minas Gerais and Bahia, Brazil. Material and Methods: The sample (N = 104) was of convenience type composed of mothers of six-month-old infants from five public hospitals. Mothers answered a personal interview by phone when the child was six months old. Data analysis was performed by the association between the dependent variable, early weaning, and independents variables, maternal age, mother's marital status, education and job, family income, maternal belief about the amount of milk produced to be or not enough to feed her baby and breastfeeding interruption reason, through the chi-square test in SPSS software version 17.0 (p<0.05). Results: Among the relationships found, only maternal belief in milk failure was significantly associated with early weaning (p <0.001). Most mothers who did not perform early weaning believed they had satisfactory amount of milk (66.7%). The general weaning rate was ≅ 30%. Conclusion: Early weaning was related to maternal belief that the amount of milk was insufficient to meet the needs of the newborn and its incidence was high in the study population.

CARACTERÍSTICAS RELEVANTES PARA O ESTABELECIMENTO DA CONFIANÇA NO ODONTOPEDIATRA / Relevant characteristics to establishment of confidence in the Pediatric Dentist

Sabendo da importância e influência dos responsáveis no atendimento odontológico do paciente infantil, este estudo objetivou avaliar as características determinantes para estabelecimento da confiança dos responsáveis no Odontopediatra. Participaram 72 responsáveis por crianças com idade entre 4 e 13 anos de três instituições de Minas Gerais: UninCor/Belo Horizonte (capital) e Unidades de Atenção Primária à Saúde em Moema e Várzea da Palma (interior). Para coleta dos dados, utilizouse entrevista semiestruturada, com destaque para o motivo da escolha do dentista e características relevantes para confiança no profissional. Os testes estatísticos Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fischer foram realizados (p<0,05). A maioria dos entrevistados foi do interior (61,1%) e tinham idade média de 34,48 anos. O acompanhante mais frequente nas consultas foi a mãe (70,8%). Crianças do sexo masculino representaram 58,3% da amostra e 51,5% tinham entre 4 e 8 anos. O motivo de escolha do dentista mais citado pelos responsáveis foi a experiência do profissional (63,9%) e a interação dentista-criança foi a característica mais relevante (59,7%) para os responsáveis confiarem no dentista. O motivo da escolha do dentista associou-se às características determinantes da confiança (p=0,02). Portanto, a interação dentista-criança é característica de grande relevância para responsáveis por pacientes infantis confiarem no Odontopediatra.

The importance and influence of the guardians in pediatric dentistry is a knowledge in construction. This study aimed to evaluate the determining characteristics to establish confidence of guardians in the pediatric dentist. Seventy-two guardians of children aged 4-13 years of three institutions of Minas Gerais participated: UninCor/Belo Horizonte (capital) and Primary Care Health Units in Moema-MG and Várzea da Palma (interior). For data collection, semistructured interview with reasons for the choice of dentist and relevant characteristics to trust in the professional was used. The chi-square and Fisher's exact statistical test was performed (p<0.05). Most respondents was of the interior (61.1%) and had a mean age of 34.48 years. The most frequent companion in the consultations was the mother (70.8%). Male children accounted for 58.3% of the sample and 51.5% were between 4 and 8 years. The reason most cited by guardians was professional experience (63.9%) and the dentist-child interaction was the most important characteristic (59.7%) for the guardians to obtain trust in the dentist. The reason for choosing the dentist was associated with the determinants characteristics of confidence (p=0.02). Therefore, the dentist-child interaction is characteristic of highly relevant for guardians of pediatric patients trust the dentist.

Oral rehabilitation of a child with dentinogenesis imperfecta: case report

Introduction and Objective: To report the clinic case of a 5-yearold boy with presenting yellow-gray teeth and generalized severe tooth crown wear. Case report: After clinical and radiographic examination, he was diagnosed with dentinogenesis imperfecta. After the behavior management, we performed the adequacy of oral environment and diet and oral hygiene instructions. Study models were obtained and then, the rehabilitation treatment was performed through acetate crowns and orthodontic bands. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment are very important in preventing further damage to dental tissues, other oral diseases, and orthodontic changes. Therefore, knowledge of the etiology and family history of the patient is crucial.

Ansiedade do responsável em relação ao atendimento odontopediátrico / Anxiety of guardian in relation to pediatric dentistry

Visto que, a influência dos responsáveis sobre a ansiedade da criança é notória, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi verificar o nível de ansiedade odontológica do responsável pela criança em tratamento odontológico e quais fatores a influenciam. O estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética local. A amostra foi de conveniência, com participação de 72 pais e/ou responsáveis por crianças na faixa etária de 6 a 13 anos de idade, presentes para atendimento odontológico nas instituições participantes: UAPS Jardim América/Serrinha de Várzea da Palma-MG, UAPS de Moema-MG e UninCor de Belo Horizonte-MG, selecionadas também por conveniência. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizadas entrevista semiestruturada e a Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS), antes do atendimento da criança. Os dados foram registrados no programa SPSS versão 17.0. A maior parte dos responsáveis, que apresentaram maior valor na DAS, relataram ansiedade quando suas crianças vão ao Cirurgião-Dentista (p=0,002). O DAS dos responsáveis também se mostrou associado a características do consultório (p=0,009) e do profissional (p=0,009), à percepção sobre a ansiedade da criança (p=0,032) e à sua própria escolaridade (p=0,011). Pode-se concluir que, geralmente os responsáveis mais ansiosos também acham que suas crianças ficam ansiosas ao ir ao Cirurgião-Dentista. Portanto, o odontopediatra deve atuar de forma conjunta, abordando pais e/ou responsáveis para um tratamento tranquilo e resolutivo.

Since the influence of the guardians on the anxiety of the child is notorious, the aim of this research was to determine the level of dental anxiety of the guardian in dental treatment and which factors influence it. The study was approved by the local ethics committee. The convenience sample comprised 72 parents and/or guardians of children aged 6-13 years old, present at participating institutions for dental treatment: UAPS Jardim América/Serrinha of Várzea da Palma-MG, UAPS of Moema-MG and UNINCOR of Belo Horizonte-MG, also conveniently selected. In order to collect data, a semi-structured interview and the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) were used before the child’s treatment. Data were recorded using SPSS version 17.0. Most guardians, who showed the highest value in the DAS, reported anxiety when their children go to the dentist (p=0.002). The guardians DAS was also associated with both office (p=0.009) and professional (p=0.009) features, the perception of the child’s anxiety (p=0.032) and their own education (p=0.011). It can be concluded that generally the most eager guardians also find that their children are anxious to go to the dentist. Therefore, the pediatric dentist must act jointly, approaching parents and/or guardians for a tranquil and decisive treatment.